Antioxidant and Anti Stress Biomarkers of Some Nutraceuticals in Alloxan - Induced Diabetic Rats

Amelioration of oxidant and stress biomarkers of diabetes mellitus (DM) is the keyto better generate new therapy. The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of aqueous garlic and onion extracts and camel milk in alloxan (ALX)-induced diabetic rats with respect to body gain, glucose, antioxidant defenses, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5), liver function tests, lipid profile, insulin and Cpeptide and pancreatic histopathology. For this purpose, 60 rats were divided into five groups: normal control, diabetic control (ALX), and ALX plus treatment groups (ALX + garlic, ALX + onion and ALX + camel milk). Serum levels of glucose, ALT, AST, ALP, TGs and cholesterol were significantly increased in ALX –induced diabetic group compared with normal group. This was accompanied with reduction of Hb, C-peptide, insulin, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT, IL-4 and IL-5. The recorded drop in blood glucose levels for camel milk, garlic and onion groups were 25.75%, 19.82% and 7.93% respectively when compared to the initial level after diabetes induction. ALXplus treatments were significantly decreased serum liver enzymes, oxidative markers and lipid profile versus each one alone. In the same time, ALX-induced inflammation was also mitigated via elevation of IL-4 and IL-5. The findings showed that garlic, onion, and camel milk treatments demonstrate a protective effect in ALX diabetic model of by modulation of oxidative and stress biomarkers. Whereas the pancreatic sections from ALX-plus treatment groups indicated the protective response. Further detailed studies are required for the evaluation of the exact protective mechanism of each treatment against diabetic complications in animal models.